Factory Reset
Factory Reset Definition
A factory reset, sometimes called a master reset or hard reset, is a procedure that deletes all user data and configurations on a device. It returns the device’s software to its initial state, called the “factory” or “out-of-box” state. Running a factory reset can sometimes resolve problems with the device’s software.
How a Factory Reset Works
Most operating systems have a built-in option for performing a factory reset, which deletes all data, including files such as photos, audio, apps, and user settings. Depending on the device, the process then reinstalls the operating system or resets it to default settings.
On some devices, the process involves overwriting the internal storage so the data is effectively destroyed. Alternatively, on devices with encrypted storage, it can delete the file system index and encryption keys. This doesn’t destroy the files’ data but makes it virtually unrecoverable.
When Factory Reset Is Commonly Used
- Persistent software issues: Helps resolve issues that other fixes can’t resolve, such as slow performance, freezing, or crashing.
- Selling or recycling a device: Deletes personal data before selling or disposing of a device.
- Unwanted software: Removes programs and many types of malware that may be causing problems with the device.
Factory Reset Tips
- Back up device data. Running a factory reset erases all personal data on the device, including photos, videos, documents, downloaded apps, saved passwords, and settings configurations.
- Understand what a factory reset can and can’t help with. It might not work for problems with the bootloader, and it doesn’t resolve hardware issues.
- Prepare for setting up the device from scratch. This can involve reinstalling apps, restoring settings, signing back into accounts, and more.
- Check for malware persistence. While many threats are removed, some advanced malware may survive or return if backups are infected.
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FAQ
No, a factory reset doesn’t return a device’s operating system to a previous version. It deletes user data and returns the operating system’s settings to a default state, but it doesn’t roll back the operating system itself.
A factory reset typically doesn’t affect the device’s firmware or bootloader. On some devices, it doesn’t reinstall the operating system itself; it just resets its settings to the default. A factory reset also can’t resolve any problems the device’s hardware itself might have.
A factory reset can help with issues like freezing or malware that can’t be resolved through other means. It restores the system to a previous, functional state and deletes user data, including any malware in the file storage. It’s also useful for preparing devices to recycle or resell them.
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